Testing Olaparib and Temozolomide versus the Usual Treatment for Uterine Leiomyosarcoma after Chemotherapy Has Stopped Working

This phase II/III trial compares the effect of the combination treatment with olaparib and temozolomide to trabectedin or pazopanib (two of the most common chemotherapy drugs used as usual approach) in patients with uterine leiomyosarcoma that may have spread from where it first started to nearby tissue, lymph nodes, or distant parts of the body (advanced) after initial chemotherapy has stopped working. The usual approach is defined as care most people get for advanced uterine leiomyosarcoma. Olaparib is a PARP inhibitor. PARP is a protein that helps repair damaged deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Blocking PARP may prevent tumor cells from repairing their damaged DNA, causing them to die. PARP inhibitors are a type of targeted therapy. Temozolomide is in a class of medications called alkylating agents. It works by slowing or stopping the growth of tumor cells in the body. The combination of olaparib and temozolomide may work better than the usual treatment in shrinking or stabilizing advanced uterine leiomyosarcoma after initial chemotherapy has stopped working.